本文汇总了有关查看 MySQL 字符集的命令。包括查看 MySQL 数据库服务器字符集、查看 MySQL 数据库字符集，以及数据表和字段的字符集、当前安装的 MySQL 所支持的字符集等命令，以下命令在windows，linux下面都是适用的。
一、查看 MySQL 数据库服务器和数据库字符集。
mysql> show variables like '%char%';
+--------------------------+-------------------------------------+------
| Variable_name | Value |......
+--------------------------+-------------------------------------+------
| character_set_client | utf8 |...... -- 客户端字符集
| character_set_connection | utf8 |......
| character_set_database | utf8 |...... -- 数据库字符集
| character_set_filesystem | binary |......
| character_set_results | utf8 |......
| character_set_server | utf8 |...... -- 服务器字符集
| character_set_system | utf8 |......
| character_sets_dir | D:\MySQL Server 5.0\share\charsets\ |......
+--------------------------+-------------------------------------+------
二、查看 MySQL 数据表（table） 的字符集。
mysql> show table status from sqlstudy_db like '%countries%';
+-----------+--------+---------+------------+------+-----------------+------
| Name | Engine | Version | Row_format | Rows | Collation |......
+-----------+--------+---------+------------+------+-----------------+------
| countries | InnoDB | 10 | Compact | 11 | utf8_general_ci |......
+-----------+--------+---------+------------+------+-----------------+------
三、查看 MySQL 数据列（column）的字符集。
mysql> show full columns from countries;
+----------------------+-------------+-----------------+--------
| Field | Type | Collation | .......
+----------------------+-------------+-----------------+--------
| countries_id | int(11) | NULL | .......
| countries_name | varchar(64) | utf8_general_ci | .......
| countries_iso_code_2 | char(2) | utf8_general_ci | .......
| countries_iso_code_3 | char(3) | utf8_general_ci | .......
| address_format_id | int(11) | NULL | .......
+----------------------+-------------+-----------------+--------
四、查看当前安装的 MySQL 所支持的字符集。
mysql> show charset;
+----------+-----------------------------+---------------------+--------+
| Charset | Description | Default collation | Maxlen |
+----------+-----------------------------+---------------------+--------+
| big5 | Big5 Traditional Chinese | big5_chinese_ci | 2 |
| dec8 | DEC West European | dec8_swedish_ci | 1 |
| cp850 | DOS West European | cp850_general_ci | 1 |
...... 此处省略N行
+----------+-----------------------------+---------------------+--------+
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